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Sufficient nickel content in Incoloy Alloy 925 provides protection against chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking whilst in conjunction with the added molybdenum and copper resistance to reducing chemicals is enjoyed. Molybdenum additionally aids resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion whilst Chromium offers resistance to oxidizing environments. During heat treatment a strengthening reaction is caused by the addition of titanium and aluminium.
Application requiring a combination of high strength and corrosion resistance may consider INCOLOY® 925. Resistance to sulfide stress cracking and stress-corrosion cracking in "sour" crude oil and natural gas environments means that it is used for down-hole and surface gas-well components as well as finding uses in marine and pump shafts or high-strength piping systems.
The following table shows the chemical composition of Incoloy(r) alloy 925.
| Elements | Content (%) |
| Nickel, Ni | 44 |
| Iron, Fe | 28 |
| Chromium, Cr | 21 |
| Molybdenum, Mo | 3 |
| Titanium, Ti | 2.1 |
| Copper, Cu | 1.8 |
| Aluminum, Al | 0.3 |
| Carbon, C | 0.01 |
| Grade | UNS | DIN | EN | AMS | ASTM |
| Incoloy 925 | UNS N09925 |
The physical properties of Incoloy(r) alloy 925 are given in the following table.
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Density | 8.05 g/cm³ | 0.291 lb/in³ |
| Melting point | 1343°C | 2450°F |
The mechanical properties of Incoloy(r) alloy 925 are outlined in the following table.
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Tensile strength (precipitation hardened, value at room temperature) | 1210 MPa | 175000 psi |
| Tensile strength (@ 550°C/1020°F, precipitation hardened prior to test) | 970 MPa | 141000 psi |
| Yield strength (@ strain 0.200%, precipitation hardened. value at room temperature) | 810 MPa | 117000 psi |
| Yield strength (@ strain 0.200%, temperature 550°C/1020°F, precipitation hardened prior to test) | 700 MPa | 102000 psi |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.281 | 0.281 |
| Elongation at break (precipitation hardened) | 24% | 24% |
The thermal properties of Incoloy(r) alloy 925 are displayed in the following table.
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 20-100°C/68-212°F) | 13.2 µm/m°C | 7.33 µi/in°F |
Characteristics
Resistant to reducing environments
Resistant to a variety of oxidizing substances
Resistant to chloride-ion stress corrosion cracking
Good for sour gas service
Technology
Incoloy(r) alloy 925 can be machined using conventional machining methods which are used for iron based alloys. Tooling and heavy duty machining equipments are used to reduce work-hardening of this alloy. Machining operations can be performed by using commercial coolants. High speed operations such as grinding, turning, or milling, are usually performed using water-based coolants.
Incoloy(r) alloy 925 can be easily formed using all conventional techniques. Heavy-duty lubricants are used while cold forming.
Shielded metal-arc welding, gas metal-arc welding, gas-tungsten arc welding, and submerged-arc welding methods are preferred for welding Incoloy(r) alloy 925.
Incoloy(r) alloy 925 is heat treated by annealing at 983 to 1038°C (1800 to 1900°F) followed by cooling.
Forging of Incoloy(r) alloy 925™ is done at 927 to 1177°C (1700 to 2150°F).
Incoloy(r) alloy 925 is hot worked at 872 to 983°C (1600 to 1800°F). Temperature should not exceed above 983°C (1800°F) in order to restore corrosion resistance of this alloy.
Incoloy(r) alloy 925 can be cold worked using standard tooling. Soft die materials such as zinc alloys and bronze are used to produce good finishing and avoid galling problems.
Incoloy(r) alloy 925 is annealed at 1010°C (1850°F) for 2 h followed by air cooling.
Incoloy(r) alloy 925 is hardened by heat treatment and cold working.
Commercial applications for this engineering material include:
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